Application of Operando XAS, XRD and Raman Spectroscopy for Phase Speciation in Water Gas Shift Reaction Catalysts

Structural and compositional changes in Fe₂O₃ and Cr₂O₃ / Fe₂O₃ catalysts associated with water gas shift (WGS) reaction are reported. XAFS, XRD, Raman spectroscopy and product analysis was performed in one experiment. This study demonstrated structural disorder and heterogeneity, the stabilizing role of Cr and deactivation mechanism.