Catalytic Conversion of Biomass-derived C4 Compounds into Gasoline-grade Fuels

These findings will enable offer new possibility for converting cellulosic biomass-derived organic acid into several types of gasoline-grade fuels. In this work, three different catalytic routes were investigated: 1) esterification and ester hydrogenolysis, 2) direct hydrogenation of organic acid and 3) catalytic reduction followed by C-C coupling with hydrodeoxygenation.